菏泽学院学报

自反和合音字不是反切。自反不过是一种偶合现象,并不说明造字先民已经掌握了反切法,人们真正意识到自反是在反切通行以后。合音字记录的是语言中的一个词,是人们自发拼读的结果。反切受悉昙的直接影响而产生。汉末,随着佛教传入中国,胡僧、汉僧和佛教徒从胡文转译的梵文拼音跟汉字读音的对比中通悟了拼音原理,用双声叠韵法来分析汉字字音,发明了反切。《鸠摩罗什法师通韵》是现存最早反映悉昙跟双声叠韵关系的汉语文献,据此可以推断汉末在华僧人领悟双声叠韵法的一些情况。最先把反切运用于文献注音并加以提倡和推广的是服虔、应劭等汉末的一批学者,至于魏世,反切大行。

Zifan and Heyin Zi can't be considered as the Fanqie.Zifan is just coincidental with Fanqie,and it does not mean people have grasped Fanqie in the days when the Chinese characters are made.In fact,not only after the invention of Fanqie,do people know Zifan.Heyin Zi records the certain word in the Chinese Language,and it is pronounced spontaneously.Fanqie comes into being under the influence of Siddham.It was at the end of Han Dynasty that the Buddhist monks from Turkestan and the Buddhists in China invented Fanqie.The transcript Jiumoluoshifashitongyun is the earliest Chinese phonological document which reflects the relationship between the Siddham and the Shuangshengdieyun.We can deduce and know how the Buddhist monks in China comprehend the method of the Shuangshengdieyun at the end of the Han Dynasty.It was such scholars as Fu Qian and Ying Shao who were the first to reply and spread Fanqie for phonetic notation in the Chinese literatures of Han Dynasty.And Fanqie has spread over China since Wei Dynasty.