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柴进与宋江在落草前就对梁山事业发挥特殊作用。两人可视为同类好汉,出于同一社会阶层。宋江更会笼络众多江湖好汉,他比柴进也更有机谋。而柴进固然为人慷慨,但与好汉保持一定心理距离,待人又不能有始有终。后来在江湖上宋江的名声远远超过柴进。宋江比柴进早上梁山,其落草经历也更曲折。在梁山上,宋江发挥了核心作用,而柴进则发挥不了太大作用。柴进绰号为"小旋风",而宋江绰号之一为"及时雨",这也反映了两人的差异。
Abstract：Both Chai Jin and Song Jiang had played specific roles for the cause of Liangshan before they took to the greenwood. They could be regarded as the same kind of heroes from the same stratum. Song Jiang did better in winning over all kinds of heroes and was more tactical than Chai Jin. Chai Jin was indeed generous,but he always kept a psychological distance from others and treated them with beginning but without end. Later the fame of Song Jiang far outstripped that of Chai Jin. Song Jiang came to Mount Liangshan earlier than Chai Jin due to torturous reasons. In Liangshan,Song Jiang played a key role but Chai Jin did not. Their nicknames Small Whirlwind and Timely Rain reflected the differences between them.
[1]金圣叹.金圣叹全集[M].南京:江苏古籍出版社,1985.
[2]刘辉.新说水浒人物[M].天津:天津人民出版社,2009.
(1)目前,学界研究宋江的论著虽然有不少,但尚缺对宋江与柴进较为详尽地进行比较分析的专文。本文探讨了一些疑难问题,包括在江湖上宋江的名声为何会超过柴进,以及柴进为何绰号“小旋风”等等。
(2)当时林冲对柴进说:“非是大官人不留小弟,争奈官司追捕甚紧,排家搜捉,倘或寻到大官人庄上时,须负累大官人不好。既蒙大官人仗义疏财,求借林冲些小盘缠,投奔他处栖身。异日不死,当以犬马之报。”柴进道:“既是兄长要行,小人有个去处。作书一封与兄长去,如何?”(第十一回)柴进并未加以挽留,而是将他荐往梁山泊。而当宋江投奔柴进的时候,他则说道:“兄长放心,便杀了朝廷的命官,劫了府库的财物,柴进也敢藏在庄里。”(第二十二回)
(3)金圣叹更认为:“柴进无他长,只有好客一节。”
(4)柴进未像(也不会像)宋江那样,与武松等结拜兄弟。
(5)而张恨水认为宋江与柴进上梁山有差别:前者为“处心积虑,思得为盗以谋出身”,后者“并非势必为盗之辈”。参见张恨水:《水浒人物论赞》,南京:万象周刊社1947年版,第15页。
(6)在此附带一提的是,柴进在梁山上也没有野心。
基本信息:
DOI：10.16393/j.cnki.37-1436/z.2017.01.005
中图分类号:I207.412
引用信息:
[1]林榕杰.“小旋风”与“及时雨”——《水浒传》中两位“孟尝君”分析[J].菏泽学院学报,2017,39(01):21-23+30.DOI:10.16393/j.cnki.37-1436/z.2017.01.005.
基金信息:
2012年太原理工大学博士科研启动项目(tyut-rc201224a)